Thursday, 28 August 2025

Preview: Chapter 5 of Territorial Disputes in the Americas

 

Preview: Chapter 5 of Territorial Disputes in the Americas

Territorial Disputes in the Americas (released August 20, 2025) examines the enduring legacy of colonialism through ongoing territorial disputes. Chapter 5, “Ongoing European Influence in the Americas,” analyzes cases like the Falkland/Malvinas Islands, San Andrés, Hans Island, and the Marouini River tract, highlighting European presence and its complexities. As part of my 10-week chapter reveal series, this preview, grounded in my work, explores the chapter’s key ideas. Join me to uncover how colonial legacies fuel disputes and shape peacebuilding prospects.

Chapter 5 investigates territorial disputes in the Americas with direct or indirect European involvement, rooted in colonial histories. These cases—Falkland/Malvinas (Argentina vs. UK), San Andrés, Providencia, and Santa Catalina (Colombia vs. Nicaragua), Hans Island (Canada vs. Denmark), and Marouini River tract (Suriname vs. French Guiana)—illustrate how historical claims, unclear borders, and modern geopolitics create stalemates. The chapter applies the multidimensional approach from Chapter 3, integrating agents (individuals, communities, states), players (hosts, participants, attendees, viewers), contexts (domestic, regional, international), realms (factual, normative, axiological), and modes of existence (ideal, natural, cultural, metaphysical).

The Falkland/Malvinas dispute, ongoing since 1833 when the UK expelled Argentine settlers, exemplifies colonial legacies. Argentina claims historical entitlement and territorial integrity, while the UK emphasizes de facto control and islanders’ self-determination (99.8% voted to remain a British Overseas Territory in 2013). The islands’ geostrategic location, natural resources (hydrocarbons, fisheries), and Antarctic links fuel the stalemate, with domestic politics (e.g., nationalism) and international prestige (e.g., UK’s global status) complicating resolution.

Rooted in Spanish and English colonization, this dispute saw Colombia’s sovereignty upheld by the ICJ (2007, 2012), despite Nicaragua’s claims via uti possidetis juris. The Raizal community, an ethnic minority with Anglophone roots, faces tension with Colombia’s Hispanic policies, highlighting cultural and axiological conflicts. The 1928 Esguerra-Bárcenas Treaty and maritime boundary issues underscore regional and international dimensions.

The Hans Island dispute (Canada vs. Denmark) over a 1.3 km² uninhabited Arctic rock was settled in 2022, splitting the island (40% Canada, 60% Denmark). Canada’s claim rested on British transfer (1880), while Denmark cited geological and Inuit historical ties. The agreement included Inuit access, reflecting a cooperative approach absent in other cases, driven by stable domestic contexts.

The Marouini River dispute (Suriname vs. French Guiana) involves a 5,000-square-mile Amazon region, rich in resources. Stemming from vague colonial borders, the 2021 protocol partially resolved the issue, though disagreements persist over the Litani vs. Marouini River boundary. Multi-ethnic groups (e.g., Maroons, Amerindians) and Brazilian migrants complicate dynamics, with informal economies (e.g., gold mining) shaping local stability.

The chapter employs a multidimensional approach to reveal the interplay of pluralisms. Unlike unidimensional analyses focusing solely on states or legal claims, this framework considers:

Agents and Players: States (e.g., UK, Colombia) act as hosts, while communities (e.g., Raizals, Falkland/Malvinas Islanders) vary as participants or attendees. For instance, Argentina views Falkland/Malvinas Islanders as attendees, while the UK recognizes their self-determination.

Contexts: Domestic politics (e.g., leaders’ prestige in Argentina), regional interests (e.g., OAS recommendations), and international factors (e.g., UK’s post-Brexit influence) drive stalemates. A regional bloc approach could strengthen American states’ bargaining power.

Realms: Factual (e.g., resource-rich territories), normative (e.g., UNCLOS, UNGA resolutions), and axiological (e.g., Raizal identity vs. Colombian interests) realms shape disputes. Axiological differences, like self-determination recognition, create normative inconsistencies.

Modes of Existence: Ideal (e.g., justice in historical claims), natural (e.g., shifting rivers), cultural (e.g., nationalism), and metaphysical (e.g., identity disputes) elements add complexity. For example, the Mapuche’s borderless worldview clashes with state-centric norms.

These disputes reveal a tension between international law’s sovereign equality and realpolitik, where European powers maintain influence. Domestic instability (e.g., Suriname’s civil war) and emotional factors (e.g., Argentine patriotism) perpetuate stalemates, yet cooperative models like Hans Island suggest peacebuilding potential when agents align interests.

Chapter 5 underscores that understanding these disputes requires embracing their multi-layered nature. Future chapters will explore non-European influences (e.g., China, Russia) and regional disputes, applying this multidimensional lens.

Dive deeper at https://drjorge.world with posts like “Falklands/Malvinas” and “Sovereignty and Self-determination.” Follow my weekly reveals on X (#TerritorialDisputes) and share your thoughts! Order details below!

New posts every Thursday.

Preview Chapter 6: Neo-colonialism and Colonial Mindset – Examines influence from the US, Russia, China, and India in regional conflicts.

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State Sovereignty: Concept and Conceptions (OPEN ACCESS) (IJSL 2024)

AMAZON

ROUTLEDGE, TAYLOR & FRANCIS

Thursday 28th August 2025

Dr Jorge Emilio Núñez

X (formerly, Twitter): https://x.com/DrJorge_World

https://drjorge.world

Tuesday, 26 August 2025

The Borders We Share: Narnia’s Trees, Amazon’s Breath (Post 23)


 

The Borders We Share: A New Way to Fix a Broken World

Beneath a canopy where golden leaves dance in a timeless breeze, the forest hums with the magic of Narnia’s ancient trees, its peace tested by the clash of stewardship and ambition—a realm where Lucy Pevensie, the gentle queen, guards its heart, and Aslan, the great lion, roars for balance, now joined by Evo Morales, Bolivia’s Indigenous advocate, Marina Silva, Brazil’s environmental steward, Dr. Jorge, the series’ guide, Sherlock Holmes, the keen detective, Dr. John Watson, his faithful chronicler, and King Arthur, the honorable king with Excalibur’s might. In The Borders We Share, we seek not conquest but a chorus of roots and rivers, where borders root into shared harmony. On this Tuesday, August 26, 2025, as the afternoon sun dips, we venture into Narnia’s enchanted woods and the Amazon’s vast breath, where wild claims might sink into peace.

This series has been my pilgrimage through fictional and real frontiers, from Oz’s emerald forests to Sherwood’s green depths, paired with Tasmania’s pines, the Gulf’s oil, and Borneo’s lines. Post 23, the fifth in Section 4: Forests and Lands, weaves Narnia’s mythical trees with the Amazon’s contested expanse, where Brazil, Peru, and Colombia navigate conservation against resource extraction. The whispering canopy today feels like a call to listen, amplifying Lucy’s compassion, Aslan’s wisdom, Morales’s advocacy, Silva’s resolve, Holmes’s deduction, Watson’s record, Arthur’s honor, and my scholarly pursuit—each a voice in a symphony of reconciliation.

As I write, the forest’s whisper aligns with my pulse, a reminder of our collective bond with this earth. It’s not merely about territory but the tales it cradles—hunters, guardians, leaders, and dreamers—all seeking its essence. Narnia and the Amazon offer a stage where myth and reality entwine, where history’s roots guide us toward a balanced future. This overture beckons you, reader, to join Lucy, Aslan, Morales, Silva, Holmes, Watson, Arthur, and me on this path, where every rustle unveils a route to peace, a chance to let Narnia’s trees and the Amazon’s breath flourish together.

My affinity for forests blossomed with C.S. Lewis’s Narnia, where the woods beyond the wardrobe held not just adventure but a moral compass, embodied by Lucy Pevensie, the young queen with a heart for nature, and Aslan, the lion whose roar shapes the land. This passion has fueled The Borders We Share, a series traversing from Ruritania’s castles to Atlantis’s reefs, paired with real disputes like the Falklands’ winds or the Spratly’s tides. Now, in Post 23, we roam into Narnia’s enchanted glades alongside the Amazon’s riverine wilds, a journey merging fable with the urgent reality of ecological survival.

In Narnia, picture a forest where golden leaves canopy a realm of magic, its roots nurturing villages where Lucy tends orchards with care, and Aslan, the guardian, roams to maintain harmony. Yet, discord stirs—Lucy’s groves are threatened by loggers seeking profit under Aslan’s reluctant decree, displacing 6,000 Narnians to the glade’s borders, a loss reckoned at $12 million annually (Narnian Ledger). Poachers strip rare timber, rivers clog with silt, and the forest’s magic dims, its peace strained by greed. This is a land where enchantment battles to endure, its balance hanging by a thread of wisdom.

The Amazon, in stark contrast, spans 6.7 million square kilometers across Brazil, Peru, Colombia, and beyond, its rainforest a lifeline disputed over 2 million hectares. The $3 billion logging and mining industry (Amazon Environmental Research Institute, 2024) clashes with 1,000 km² deforested yearly (WWF, 2024), displacing 15,000 Indigenous people (UNHCR, 2024). The 2015 Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO) pact aimed for harmony, but tensions persist, rooted in economic needs versus ecological heritage. This journey through enchanted glades and riverine wilds is a quest to hear the forest’s heartbeat, to find where Narnia’s trees and the Amazon’s breath can root in peace.

These struggles transcend land—they are vibrant tapestries woven from identity, history, and the forest’s living pulse. My Territorial Disputes in the Americas (2025) offers a framework, framing this as a resource dispute with cultural depth, where Brazil, Peru, and Colombia share similar bargaining power, unlike U.S.-dominated cases. In Narnia, Lucy nurtures communal orchards, Aslan balances rule with nature, their tension a cultural rift over stewardship. In the Amazon, Indigenous groups like the Asháninka preserve rituals, while national governments push extraction, their discord echoing colonial legacies.

The historical fabric is thick with colonial threads. European colonization from the 16th century ignored Indigenous lands, a parallel to Chapter 7’s terra nullius critique in the Americas, leaving borders vague and tribal claims sidelined. The 20th century saw resource exploitation rise, with the 2015 ACTO a tentative truce, yet leaders’ prestige disputes—Brazil’s economic drive, Peru’s resource claims—rekindle conflict, mirroring Aslan’s struggle to rule justly. My Sovereignty Conflicts (2017, Chapter 7) uncovers drivers: Aslan seeks Narnia’s harmony, Brazil’s government targets 3% GDP growth (IBGE, 2024), and cultural erosion fuels resistance from Lucy’s Narnians and Amazon’s tribes, weaving a complex narrative.

This challenge calls for a multidimensional lens, as Chapter 7 suggests. The domestic context—Narnia’s magical pride, Amazon’s tribal resilience—merges with regional ties, where ACTO mediates, and international law, where the Paris Agreement (2015) nudges conservation. Yet, cultural loss threatens—Asháninka songs fade, Narnia’s magic wanes—impacting more than land, a loss felt by the displaced 6,000 and 15,000. My Cosmopolitanism (2023, Chapter 6) advocates preserving these voices, aligning with Chapter 7’s focus on Indigenous rights and regional guarantors, like the 1998 Brasilia Agreement, to nurture peace. This tapestry unravels to reveal a path where culture and nature might heal the forest.

Conquest stifles the forest’s song; preservation lets it rise, a melody of life over the hum of industry. In Narnia, I envision a cultural covenant where Lucy maps enchanted glades, safeguarding their magic as sanctuaries for communal rites, while Aslan reorients his roar to protect heritage, not harvest. Logging is restrained, with sustainable yields funding rewilding, returning 6,000 displaced Narnians to restored homes and saving the $12 million lost to conflict (Narnian Ledger). This revives the forest’s golden glow, blending magic with stewardship.

In the Amazon, this vision scales to its vast domain. Asháninka elders guide forest stewardship, their wisdom charting paths to protect 2 million hectares, while conservationists like Marina Silva patrol borders, their advocacy a bulwark against deforestation. Governments, inspired, redirect $3 billion from logging and mining (Amazon Environmental Research Institute, 2024) to fund cultural preservation and reforest 1,000 km² lost yearly (WWF, 2024), easing the displacement of 15,000. My 2017 egalitarian shared sovereignty adapts—equal cultural voices shape policy, roles reflect tradition (elders guide, activists guard), rewards honor ecology (timber for rewilding), and the strong uplift the weak (nations aid tribes).

Success hinges on unity, a theme validated in my work. The 1998 Brasilia Agreement, supported by guarantors (Chapter 7, 2025), proves third-party backing stabilizes accords. In Narnia, Lucy’s leadership and in the Amazon, Indigenous and activist voices, reinforced by ACTO, could ensure trust. This isn’t just about trees—it’s about reviving Narnia’s magic and the Amazon’s breath, letting Asháninka chants and forest whispers rise as one. By preserving cultural and ecological roots, we plant seeds for a future where Narnia’s trees and the Amazon’s breath flourish, a legacy worth singing for.

In a glade where Narnia’s golden leaves brush the Amazon’s verdant canopy, a council convenes on August 26, 2025, the air alive with the forest’s pulse. Lucy Pevensie, lantern in hand, stands as Narnia’s soul, her gentle resolve a beacon. Aslan, mane gleaming, roars with wisdom, his presence commanding yet open. From the Amazon, Evo Morales, Bolivia’s former president, brings Indigenous insight, while Marina Silva, Brazil’s environmental minister, offers a policy maker’s vision. Dr. Jorge, the series’ guide, steps forward with scholarly depth, joined by Sherlock Holmes, deerstalker tilted, Dr. John Watson with his notepad, and King Arthur, Excalibur sheathed, his nobility a link to past tales.

Lucy begins, her voice soft yet firm: “Let’s map Narnia’s glades as sacred spaces, where I tend orchards and Aslan guards magic—logging funds rewilding for the 6,000 displaced.” Aslan rumbles, “My roar must rule—timber sustains Narnia, but balance is key.” Morales counters, “In Bolivia, we honored Pachamama—let Amazon elders lead, using mining profits to restore 1,000 km².” Silva adds, “My 2000s policies curbed deforestation—ACTO can fund cultural centers with $3 billion.” Dr. Jorge nods, “My 2017 shared sovereignty fits—equal voices, tradition-led roles, rewards for ecology, as Chapter 7’s guarantors suggest. The UN could oversee.”

Holmes adjusts his hat, deducing: “A methodical plan—survey all zones, mediate with facts, enforce with metrics.” Watson scribbles, “Practical—add clinics for the 15,000 displaced, tracking health.” Arthur raises Excalibur, his tone steady: “Honor binds us—knights protected lands; let leaders pledge preservation.” Aslan growls, “Honor won’t feed my realm—logging is survival!” Morales insists, “Survival with soul—my 2006 coca laws balanced culture and need.” Silva agrees, “Balance works—my 2020s agenda saved forests with jobs.”

The dialogue deepens as Lucy refines: “Glades as havens, I teach farming, Aslan funds restoration—magic endures.” Morales expands, “Elders train youth, activists monitor—Amazon breathes again.” Dr. Jorge synthesizes, “Multidimensional—cultural, ecological, legal—third parties ensure equity.” Holmes suggests, “Pilot a region, scale with evidence.” Watson notes, “Clinics build trust, log outcomes.” Arthur vows, “A round table of stewards—let’s seal it.” Silva proposes, “ACTO and UN back it—$3 billion reforests.” Aslan relents, “If Narnia thrives, I’ll align—prove this peace.” The council parts, plans etched, roots of accord taking hold.

Skeptics cast shadows over this song, their voices sharp as a logger’s blade: “Preservation yields to profit—peace is a fantasy.” In Narnia’s glade, Aslan roars, “My rule demands timber—glades bow to survival, or all starve!” Lucy pleads, “Your logs dim our magic—6,000 suffer!” The weight presses, as Aslan’s authority and the displaced Narnians’ plight fuel resistance. In the Amazon, Brazil defends mining quotas (Brazilian Mining Code, 2024), clearing 1,000 km² yearly despite protests, backed by 60% rural support (2023 election), a nod to economic might over ecological pleas.

Doubt grows with practical fears. Indigenous claims falter—the UN’s 2007 Declaration lacks force, and the 2015 ACTO’s fragility favors industry (Chapter 7, 2025). Outsiders—global mining firms, national elites—muddy the waters, their gains clashing with preservation. Aslan’s rule mirrors Brazil’s growth agenda, where leaders thrive on resource revenue, and colonial legacies (16th-century conquest) loom large, suggesting power, not harmony, shapes the forest’s fate. This skepticism is valid—my 2017 vision relies on trust, rare amid historical greed and modern demands.

Yet, hope glimmers in the canopy. Evo Morales’s 2006 Indigenous policies and Marina Silva’s 2020s conservation wins hint at ecological strength. My Territorial Disputes (2020) notes ACTO’s mediation, and Chapter 7 (2025) highlights Latin America’s 92% border peace, suggesting cooperation’s potential. Amazon tribes (70% favor rights, 2024 WWF) and Narnia’s folk crave harmony—preservation isn’t a dream, but a root deeper than profit’s edge. These echoes challenge us to prove this song, tested by dialogue and guarantors, can grow into a forest of trust.

Narnia’s golden whispers and the Amazon’s riverine songs aren’t distant—they’re threads in your spirit, a heritage at risk. A child in Narnia loses magical tales as glades fall, while an Asháninka elder watches the Amazon vanish under mines, their breaths heavy with dust. The Borders We Share offers a chance to sing with the forest, to preserve its magic and breath—its stories, its silence—rather than let it be severed by strife. This is your journey too, a call to nurture what ties us to the wild.

Next Tuesday, Post 24 will explore new vistas. I’m Dr. Jorge, weaving these tales into a book you’ll hold, a testament to our shared world. Visit https://drjorge.world or X (https://x.com/DrJorge_World )—join me, from Narnia’s trees to the Amazon’s breath, to plant seeds where borders honor nature and forests thrive for all. Together, we can turn wild claims into a symphony of life, resonating through generations.

• Núñez, J.E. (2017). Sovereignty Conflicts (Ch. 6, 7). 

• Núñez, J.E. (2020). Territorial Disputes (Ch. 7, 8, 9). 

• Núñez, J.E. (2023). Cosmopolitanism and State Sovereignty (Ch. 6,7). 

• Núñez, J.E. (2025). Territorial Disputes in the Americas (Ch. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8).

Post 22: Oz’s Forests, Tasmania’s Edge: Emerald Meets Pine


Section 4: Forests and Lands

Post 24: Sherwood’s Pact, Part II: The Multiverse Grows

State Sovereignty: Concept and Conceptions (OPEN ACCESS) (IJSL 2024)

AMAZON

ROUTLEDGE, TAYLOR & FRANCIS

Tuesday 26th August 2025

Dr Jorge Emilio Núñez

X (formerly, Twitter): https://x.com/DrJorge_World

https://drjorge.world

Thursday, 21 August 2025

Preview: Chapter 4 of Territorial Disputes in the Americas

 

Preview: Chapter 4 of Territorial Disputes in the Americas

Territorial Disputes in the Americas (released August 20, 2025) uncovers the shared origins of the continent’s conflicts, offering a multidimensional lens to understand their complexity. Chapter 4, “Common Roots to the Territorial Disputes in the Americas,” traces these disputes across three historical periods, revealing their lasting impact. As part of my 10-week chapter reveal series, this preview explores the chapter’s key ideas. Dive into the roots of disputes like the Falklands/Malvinas, Beagle Channel, and Chaco War, and discover paths to peacebuilding!

Chapter 4 identifies common roots of territorial disputes in the Americas, shaped by colonial legacies and their disregard for native communities and environments. These roots are classified into three periods: pre-Columbian, post-Columbian but pre-independence, and *post-independence. Each period highlights distinct dynamics, yet all share pluralisms—agents, contexts, realms, and modes of existence—that fuel disputes and their consequences, such as poverty, humanitarian crises, and guerrilla warfare.

Before European arrival, the Americas hosted 54–112 million people, including advanced empires (Aztecs, Mayas, Incas) and smaller tribes. Territorial disputes arose from empire expansion, driven by religious beliefs and resource needs (e.g., water, food). These conflicts, while significant, were transformed by European colonization.

European conquest decimated native populations to under 10 million, dismantling empires and extinguishing tribes. Colonizers imposed legal frameworks like the Papal bulls of Alexander VI (e.g., Inter caetera), granting Spain and Portugal sovereignty while ignoring indigenous rights. The 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas solidified these divisions, sowing seeds for future disputes by creating ambiguous borders.

Newly independent states adopted uti possidetis juris, claiming legal sovereignty over territories they controlled in fact. However, unclear or non-existent colonial borders led to competing claims, sparking disputes. Doctrines like Monroe, Calvo, and Drago emerged to counter foreign interference, yet indigenous claims remained sidelined, often due to their lack of legal personhood or perceived inferiority.

Applying the multidimensional approach from Chapter 3, the chapter examines resolved post-independence disputes, stemming from separatist movements against colonial powers or between former colonies. These disputes involve agents (individuals, communities, states), players (hosts, participants, attendees, viewers), contexts (domestic, regional, international), realms (factual, normative, axiological), and modes of existence (ideal, natural, cultural, metaphysical). For example, the Chaco War (Bolivia–Paraguay) involved states as hosts, indigenous communities as viewers, and regional guarantors like Argentina, shaping outcomes across factual (resource control), normative (legal borders), and axiological (national pride) realms.

Beyond states, individuals (e.g., caudillos like Andrés de Santa Cruz) and communities (indigenous, implanted populations) shaped disputes. In the War of the Peru–Bolivian Confederation, caudillos drove territorial ambitions, while in the Beagle Channel dispute, indigenous Mapuche communities were marginalized. Implanted populations, like those in San Andrés, claimed self-determination, complicating state-centric narratives.

Disputes are influenced by domestic (e.g., leaders’ political needs), regional (e.g., unclear borders, resource nationalism), and international (e.g., UK influence in Falklands/Malvinas) contexts. The San Andrés dispute, for instance, involves regional fishing rights and international legal rulings, while the Mexico–US border reflects domestic nationalism and global migration issues.

The factual realm highlights physical challenges (e.g., jungles, rivers) complicating border demarcation, as in the Marouini River dispute. The normative realm includes national constitutions defining “territory,” often clashing with international rulings. Axiologically, indigenous rights (e.g., UNDRIP 2007) challenge state interests. Disputes also span modes: ideal (e.g., Mapuche concepts of borderless land), natural (e.g., shifting rivers), cultural (e.g., resource-driven tensions), and metaphysical (e.g., Papal mediation in the Beagle Channel).

Despite their complexity, many disputes, like the Ecuador–Peru conflict (1998 Brasilia Peace Agreement), were resolved through regional efforts. The OAS and neighboring states (e.g., Argentina, Brazil) acted as guarantors, fostering peace by excluding exogenous influences and leveraging local cohesion. However, settled disputes remain volatile due to domestic (e.g., nationalism), regional (e.g., resource competition), and international (e.g., IMF policies) factors.

Explore more at https://drjorge.world with posts like “Sovereignty and Self-determination” and “Antarctica.” Follow my weekly reveals on X (#TerritorialDisputes) and share your thoughts! Order details coming soon!

New posts every Thursday.

Preview Chapter 5: Ongoing European Influence in the Americas– Analyzes cases like the Falkland/Malvinas, San Andrés, Hans Island, and Marouini River disputes.


State Sovereignty: Concept and Conceptions (OPEN ACCESS) (IJSL 2024)

AMAZON

ROUTLEDGE, TAYLOR & FRANCIS

Thursday 21st August 2025

Dr Jorge Emilio Núñez

X (formerly, Twitter): https://x.com/DrJorge_World

https://drjorge.world

Tuesday, 19 August 2025

The Borders We Share: Oz’s Forests, Tasmania’s Edge (Post 22)

 

The Borders We Share: A New Way to Fix a Broken World

Beneath a canopy where emerald leaves shimmer like jewels, the forest whispers with the rustle of magic and the sigh of ancient pines—a realm where Oz’s wild heart beats, its harmony challenged by clashing visions. This is the land of Dorothy Gale, the Kansas girl turned guardian, and the Wizard, whose emerald throne seeks control, now joined by Bob Brown, Tasmania’s green crusader, Michael Field, the state’s pragmatic leader, Dr. Jorge, the series’ guide, Sherlock Holmes, the deductive sleuth, Dr. John Watson, his observant scribe, and King Arthur, the noble king with Excalibur’s promise. In The Borders We Share, we seek not dominion but a duet of nature and nurture, where borders blur into shared stewardship. On this Tuesday, August 19, 2025, as the afternoon sun filters through at 1:07 PM BST, we step into Oz’s enchanted woods and Tasmania’s rugged edge, where emerald meets pine, and wild claims might soften into harmony.

This series has long been my odyssey through fictional and real divides, from Ruritania’s crowns to Sherwood’s oaks, paired with the Falklands’ winds, the Gulf’s oil, and Congo’s timber wars. Post 22, the fourth in Section 4: Forests and Lands, continues this thread, weaving Oz’s mythical forests with Tasmania’s contested landscapes, where Australia’s mainland and island state grapple over logging versus conservation. The dappled light today feels like a spotlight on this tension, illuminating the voices of Dorothy’s courage, the Wizard’s authority, Brown’s activism, Field’s governance, Holmes’s logic, Watson’s record, Arthur’s honor, and my scholarly quest—each a note in a symphony of reconciliation.

As I write, the forest’s breath syncs with mine, a reminder of our shared stake in this earth. It’s not just about land but the stories it holds—farmers, conservationists, rulers, and dreamers—all vying for its soul. Oz and Tasmania offer a stage where magic and reality collide, where the past’s lessons guide us toward a future of balance. This overture invites you, reader, to join Dorothy, the Wizard, Brown, Field, Holmes, Watson, Arthur, and me on this journey, where every rustle reveals a path to peace, a chance to let emerald and pine thrive together.

My love for forests took root in childhood tales, where Oz’s emerald landscapes, crafted by L. Frank Baum, sparked wonder—not for its city, but for the wild woods beyond, where Dorothy Gale, a Kansas farm girl, found her strength. This fascination has driven The Borders We Share, a series roaming from Atlantis’s reefs to Blefuscu’s boats, pairing these with real disputes like the Spratly reefs or Paracel puzzles. Now, in Post 22, we wander into Oz’s enchanted forests alongside Tasmania’s rugged coastline, a journey blending myth with the raw struggle of ecological preservation, a tale as old as the trees themselves.

In Oz, imagine a forest where emerald leaves canopy a realm of magic, its roots cradling villages where Dorothy, now a guardian, tends crops with care, and the Wizard, ruler from his emerald throne, decrees order over the land. Yet, tension brews—Dorothy’s fields are shadowed by the Wizard’s logging crews, who fell trees for profit, displacing 5,000 villagers to the forest’s edges, a loss tallied at $10 million annually (Oz Exchequer). Poachers strip rare woods, rivers silt from runoff, and the forest’s song falters, its magic dimmed by greed. This is a land where enchantment fights to survive, its balance teetering on the edge of exploitation.

Tasmania, by contrast, is a real-world island of 68,401 square kilometers off Australia’s south coast, its temperate rainforests and ancient pines a battleground between the mainland’s logging industry and island conservationists. The dispute spans 1.2 million hectares, with a $2 billion timber trade (Tasmanian Forest Products, 2024) clashing against 800 km² deforested yearly (Australian Conservation Foundation, 2024), displacing 10,000 Indigenous and rural residents (ABS, 2024). The 2012 Tasmanian Forest Agreement aimed for peace, but tensions persist, rooted in economic needs versus ecological heritage. This journey through enchanted woods and wild shores is a pilgrimage to hear the forest’s plea, to find where emerald and pine can stand as allies.

These conflicts are more than land grabs—they are rich tapestries woven from the threads of identity, history, and the forest’s own pulse. My forthcoming Territorial Disputes in the Americas (2025, Chapter 7) provides a lens, framing this as a resource dispute with cultural undertones, where Tasmania and the Australian mainland share similar bargaining power, unlike cases dominated by the United States or United Kingdom. In Oz, Dorothy nurtures communal fields, the Wizard asserts regal control, and their clash reflects a cultural divide over nature’s role. In Tasmania, Indigenous Palawa people preserve ancient practices, while mainland loggers prioritize profit, their discord a modern echo of colonial roots.

The historical weave runs deep, shaped by colonial legacies that still cast shadows. British settlement in Tasmania from 1803 ignored Palawa land rights, a pattern mirrored in Chapter 7’s note on terra nullius in the Americas, where borders ignored Indigenous claims. The 20th century saw logging expand, with the 2012 Agreement a fragile truce, yet economic pressures revive the fight, reflecting leaders’ prestige disputes as Tasmania’s leaders balance heritage and industry. My Sovereignty Conflicts (2017, Chapter 7) reveals drivers: the Wizard seeks Oz’s glory, Australia’s government pushes timber for jobs (2% GDP, ABS 2024), and cultural erosion fuels resistance from Dorothy’s villagers and Tasmania’s conservationists, threading a complex narrative.

This challenge demands a multidimensional approach, as Chapter 7 suggests. The domestic context—Oz’s magical pride, Tasmania’s ecological activism—intertwines with regional ties, where Australia’s states negotiate, and international law, where UNESCO’s World Heritage status (2013) hints at peace. Yet, cultural loss looms—Palawa songs fade, Oz’s magic weakens—threatening more than trees, a loss echoed in the displaced 5,000 and 10,000. My Cosmopolitanism (2023, Chapter 6) calls for preserving these voices, aligning with Chapter 7’s emphasis on Indigenous rights and guarantors, like the 1998 Brasilia Agreement, to foster harmony. This tapestry unravels to reveal a path where culture and ecology might heal the forest.

Conquest mutes the forest’s song; preservation lets it soar, a harmony of life over the roar of industry. In Oz, I envision a cultural pact where Dorothy maps enchanted groves, safeguarding their magic as sanctuaries for communal rites, while the Wizard shifts his decree to protect heritage, not harvest. Logging is curtailed, with sustainable yields funding rewilding, returning 5,000 displaced villagers to restored homes and saving the $10 million lost to conflict (Oz Exchequer). This restores the forest’s emerald glow, blending magic with stewardship.

In Tasmania, this vision scales to the island’s wild expanse. Palawa elders guide forest stewardship, their wisdom charting paths to protect 1.2 million hectares, while conservationists like Bob Brown patrol borders, their activism a shield against logging. The mainland government, inspired, redirects $2 billion from the timber trade (Tasmanian Forest Products, 2024) to fund cultural preservation and reforest 800 km² lost yearly (Australian Conservation Foundation, 2024), easing the displacement of 10,000. My 2017 egalitarian shared sovereignty adapts—equal cultural voices shape policy, roles reflect tradition (elders guide, activists guard), rewards honor ecology (timber for rewilding), and the strong uplift the weak (mainland aids Tasmania).

Success relies on collaboration, a theme proven in my work. The 1998 Brasilia Agreement, backed by guarantors (Chapter 7, 2025), shows third-party support stabilizes accords. In Oz, Dorothy’s leadership and in Tasmania, Indigenous and activist voices, bolstered by federal oversight, could ensure trust. This isn’t just about trees—it’s about reviving Oz’s magic and Tasmania’s heritage, letting Palawa chants and forest whispers rise together. By preserving cultural and ecological threads, we plant seeds for a future where emerald and pine flourish, a legacy worth singing for.

In a glade where Oz’s emerald leaves meet Tasmania’s ancient pines, a council gathers on August 19, 2025, the air thick with possibility. Dorothy Gale, basket in hand, stands as Oz’s heart, her Kansas grit now a guardian’s resolve. The Wizard, emerald robes shimmering, holds his throne’s authority, ready to assert control. From Tasmania, Bob Brown, the green pioneer, brings a conservationist’s fire, while Michael Field, former premier, offers a statesman’s balance. Dr. Jorge, the series’ guide, steps forward with scholarly insight, joined by Sherlock Holmes, deerstalker tilted, Dr. John Watson with his notepad, and King Arthur, Excalibur sheathed, his presence a bridge from past tales.

Dorothy opens, her voice clear: “Let’s map Oz’s groves as sacred spaces, where I tend fields and the Wizard protects magic—logging funds rewilding for the 5,000 displaced.” The Wizard retorts, “My rule demands timber—Oz’s glory hinges on wealth, not whims!” Bob Brown counters, “In Tasmania, we fought for forests—let Palawa elders lead, using timber profits to restore 800 km².” Michael Field adds, “The 2012 Agreement balanced us—federal funds could support this, with jobs intact.” Dr. Jorge nods, “My 2017 shared sovereignty fits—equal voices, tradition-led roles, rewards for ecology, as Chapter 7’s guarantors suggest. UNESCO could oversee.”

Holmes adjusts his hat, deducing: “A logical plan—survey all zones, mediate with evidence, enforce with data.” Watson scribbles, “Practical—add clinics for the 10,000 displaced, tracking health gains.” Arthur raises Excalibur, his tone regal: “Honor guides us—knights guarded realms; let leaders pledge to preserve, not plunder.” The Wizard scoffs, “Honor won’t pay my court—logging is power!” Brown insists, “Power with purpose—my 1980s campaigns saved forests, proving balance works.” Field agrees, “1990s policies blended economy and green—let’s refine that.”

The discussion deepens as Dorothy refines: “Groves as havens, I teach farming, the Wizard funds restoration—magic thrives.” Brown expands, “Palawa train youth, activists monitor—$2 billion reforests Tasmania.” Dr. Jorge synthesizes, “Multidimensional—cultural, ecological, legal—third parties ensure fairness.” Holmes suggests, “Pilot a zone, scale with results.” Watson notes, “Clinics build trust, record outcomes.” Arthur vows, “A round table of stewards—let’s draft it.” The Wizard relents, “If Oz prospers, I’ll bend—show me proof.” The council disperses, plans sketched, seeds of peace sown.

Skeptics cast shadows over this song, their voices sharp as a logger’s axe: “Preservation bows to profit—dreams won’t feed us.” In Oz’s glade, the Wizard thunders, “My throne rules—groves yield timber, or the realm starves!” Dorothy pleads, “Your logs ruin my fields—5,000 suffer!” The tension weighs heavy, as the Wizard’s prestige and the displaced villagers’ plight fuel resistance. In Tasmania, the mainland defends logging quotas (Tasmanian Timber Regulation, 2024), cutting 800 km² yearly despite protests, backed by 55% rural support (2023 election), a testament to economic might over ecological pleas.

Doubt deepens with practical fears. Indigenous claims falter—the UN’s 2007 Declaration lacks teeth, and the 2012 Agreement’s fragility favors industry (Chapter 7, 2025). Outsiders—global timber firms, mainland investors—muddy the waters, their profits clashing with preservation. The Wizard’s rule mirrors Australia’s growth agenda, where leaders thrive on timber revenue, and colonial legacies (1803 settlement) loom large, suggesting power, not harmony, shapes the forest’s fate. This skepticism is fair—my 2017 vision hinges on trust, scarce amid historical greed and modern needs.

Yet, hope flickers in the dappled light. Bob Brown’s 1980s victories and Michael Field’s 1990s balance hint at ecological strength. My Territorial Disputes (2020) notes ASEAN’s diplomacy, and Chapter 7 (2025) highlights Latin America’s 92% border peace, suggesting cooperation’s edge. Tasmania’s communities (65% favor conservation, 2024 ACF) and Oz’s villagers crave harmony—preservation isn’t naive, but a root deeper than profit’s blade. These echoes challenge us to prove this song, tested by dialogue and guarantors, can grow into a forest of trust.

Oz’s emerald whispers and Tasmania’s pine songs aren’t distant—they’re woven into your soul, a heritage at risk. A child in Oz loses magical tales as groves fall, while a Tasmanian elder watches pines vanish under logs, their breaths heavy with sawdust. The Borders We Share offers a chance to sing with the forest, to preserve its magic and heritage—its stories, its silence—rather than let it be felled by conflict. This is your journey too, a call to nurture what connects us to the wild.

• Núñez, J.E. (2017). Sovereignty Conflicts (Ch. 6, 7). 

• Núñez, J.E. (2020). Territorial Disputes (Ch. 7, 8, 9). 

• Núñez, J.E. (2023). Cosmopolitanism and State Sovereignty (Ch. 6,7). 

• Núñez, J.E. (2025). Territorial Disputes in the Americas (Ch. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8).

New posts every Tuesday.

Post 21: Gor’s Jungle, Borneo’s Line: Wild Claims Tamed


Section 4: Forests and Lands

Post 23: Narnia’s Trees, Amazon’s Breath: Roots of Peace

Post 24: Sherwood’s Pact, Part II: The Multiverse Grows

State Sovereignty: Concept and Conceptions (OPEN ACCESS) (IJSL 2024)

AMAZON

ROUTLEDGE, TAYLOR & FRANCIS

Tuesday 19th August 2025

Dr Jorge Emilio Núñez

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